Digital Color Theory 101

Everything you need to know about pixels, light, and how our eyes see magic. ✨

1

The Physics of Light

Look closely at your screen. Every color you see—millions of them—is created by mixing just three colors of light: Red, Green, and Blue.

This is called Additive Color Mixing. Unlike paint, where mixing colors gets darker (Subtractive), mixing light adds brightness.

  • Red + Green = Yellow
  • Red + Blue = Magenta
  • Blue + Green = Cyan
  • All Three = Pure White
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2

Thinking Like a Human (HSL)

While machines speak RGB, humans speak in Hue, Saturation, and Lightness.

H

Hue

The "family" of the color. Represented as a degree on a circle (0-360°).

S

Saturation

The intensity. 0% is gray, 100% is the most vivid version of that color.

L

Lightness

How bright it is. 0% is Black, 100% is White. 50% is the pure color.

3

Perceptual Uniformity (OKLCH)

Traditional color spaces like HSL have a flaw: mathematically identical lightness values don't look equally bright to us.

OKLCH is a modern color space that fixes this. It separates lightness, chroma, and hue in a way that matches human vision perfectly.

HSL Gradient (Muddy)

OKLCH Gradient (Vibrant)